MicroRNAs: Biogenesis and Molecular Functions

MicroRNAs: biogenesis and molecular functions.

Small regulatory RNAs are essential and ubiquitous riboregulators that are the key mediators of RNA interference (RNAi). They include microRNAs (miRNAs) and short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs), classes of approximately 22 nucleotide RNAs. miRNAs and siRNAs bind to Argonaute proteins and form effector complexes that regulate gene expression; in animals, this regulation occurs primarily at the post-t...

The Biogenesis and Functions of MicroRNAs

Biogenesis and Physiology of MicroRNAs

M. Fabbri (ed.), Non-coding RNAs and Cancer, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-8444-8_2, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2014 Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs 17–25 nucleotides long that control gene expression by promoting degradation or repressing translation of target mRNAs. Since each miRNA regulates the expression of hundreds of target mRNAs, miRNAs can be seen as master-co...

Biogenesis and regulation of cardiovascular microRNAs.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression and fundamentally impact on cardiovascular function in health and disease. A tight control of miRNA expression is crucial for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. However, a comprehensive understanding of the various levels of miRNA regulation is in its infancy. We here summarize the current knowledge about regulation of cardiovas...

MicroRNAs Genomics, Biogenesis, Mechanism, and Function

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous approximately 22 nt RNAs that can play important regulatory roles in animals and plants by targeting mRNAs for cleavage or translational repression. Although they escaped notice until relatively recently, miRNAs comprise one of the more abundant classes of gene regulatory molecules in multicellular organisms and likely influence the output of many protein-codin...